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|Section2= |Section3= |Section4= |Section7= |Section8= }} Sodium nitrate is the chemical compound with the formula NaNO3. This salt is also known as ''Chile saltpeter'' or ''Peru saltpeter'' (due to the large deposits found in the Atacama desert in these countries) to distinguish it from ordinary saltpeter, potassium nitrate. The mineral form is also known as ''nitratine'', ''nitratite'' or ''soda niter''. Sodium nitrate is a white solid which is very soluble in water. It is a readily available source of the nitrate anion (NO3−), which is useful in several reactions carried out on industrial scales for the production of fertilizers, pyrotechnics and smoke bombs, glass and pottery enamels, food preservatives (esp. meats), and solid rocket propellant. It has been mined extensively for these purposes. ==History== The first shipment of Chile saltpeter to Europe arrived in England in 1820 or 1825, but did not find any buyers and was dumped at sea in order to avoid customs toll.〔S. H. Baekeland "Några sidor af den kemiska industrien" (1914) ''Svensk Kemisk Tidskrift'', (p. 140 ).〕〔Friedrich Georg Wieck, ''Uppfinningarnas bok'' (1873, Swedish translation of ''Buch der Erfindungen''), (vol. 4, p. 473 ).〕 With time, however, the mining of South American saltpeter became a profitable business (in 1859, England alone consumed 47,000 metric tons〔). Chile fought against the allies Peru and Bolivia in the War of the Pacific 1879-1884 and took over the richest deposits. In 1919, Ralph Walter Graystone Wyckoff determined its crystal structure using X-ray crystallography. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sodium nitrate」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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